Quantification of soil redistribution and sediment budget in a Canadian watershed from fallout caesium-137 (<sup>137</sup>Cs) data
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The intensification and specialization of agriculture that took place in the past decades have resulted in soil and water degradation in several areas of eastern Canada. Most studies on soil erosion in Quebec have been conducted at the experimental plot scale. Although this approach generates precise data, extrapolation at the field or watershed scale is difficult. In this study, caesium-137 ( 137 Cs) was used to investigate the spatial extent and severity of soil erosion for an 80-ha watershed in Southeastern Quebec (cultivated area = 75 ha). Soil samples were collected based on a 25 (30 m grid and revealed soil redistribution rates ranging from -20 to +12 Mg ha -1 yr -1 . From radiocaesium measurements, it was estimated that the experimental watershed experienced an average loss of 3.0 Mg ha -1 yr -1 with net sediment export of 2.8 Mg ha -1 yr -1 and a sediment delivery ratio of 93%. Snowmelt erosion is believed to have played an important role in the soil redistribution in this small watershed. Changing sampling strategy was tested (50 x 60 m and 100 x 120 m grid rather than 25 x 30 m) and only minor changes were noticed on soil erosion and sediment production estimates, when samples corresponding to the 50 x 60 m grid were used. Key words: Caesium-137 ( 137 Cs), watershed, water erosion, snowmelt erosion, sampling strategy
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".