GeSi intermixing in Ge nanostructures on Si(111): An XAFS versus STM study
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
We report a detailed investigation of interdiffusion processes that occur during the growth of germanium nanostructures on the (111)-oriented surface of silicon. In particular, X-ray Absorption Fine Structure (XAFS) measurements performed ex situ show that a ${\mathrm{Ge}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{Si}}_{x}$ alloy forms during deposition, with average composition $x$ varying between 0.25 and 0.50, depending on substrate temperature and total coverage. By fitting the Si nearest-neighbor numbers around Ge as a function of the deposited thickness with a simple model, the effective vertical composition profile in the growth direction has been estimated. The latter has been described with a static effective diffusion length of $(10.0\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1.5)\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{nm}$ at $530\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}\mathrm{C}$ and $(5\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1)\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{nm}$ at $450\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}\mathrm{C}$, which is interpreted as the dominance of surface transport processes in the intermixing dynamics. The analysis of the data on Ge-Ge bond length indicates a decrease of the Ge-Ge atomic distances with increasing Ge fraction, confirming previous theoretical predictions for strained epilayers. The XAFS results are compared to morphological information obtained by scanning tunneling microscopy investigations carried out in situ, yielding a satisfactory description for the epitaxy of this system.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it