Pharmaceutical wastewater treatment using granular activated carbon and UV/H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> processes: Experimental analysis and modelling
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The treatment of a synthetic pharmaceutical wastewater was studied using granular activated carbon (GAC) adsorption, UV/H 2 O 2 process, and their combination. Experimental results reveal that GAC adsorption alone has 79% efficiency in total organic carbon (TOC) removal in 10 min breakthrough time with the dosage of 333.33 mg activated carbon/L. The adsorption data are fitted well with the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. The UV/H 2 O 2 process alone at 6 h hydraulic retention time with optimum dosage of 4.25 mgH 2 O 2 /mgCOD shows 29 and 26% TOC reduction using 185 and 254 nm UV lamps, respectively. The kinetic modelling of the UV 254 /H 2 O 2 process is developed using chemical oxygen demand (COD) and TOC as lumped parameters. A good agreement between model predictions and experimental data is confirmed. In combined processes, pre‐treated pharmaceutical wastewater by UV 254 /H 2 O 2 followed by GAC adsorption process along with the desorption of contaminants from GAC and the subsequent treatment of the condensed steam by UV 254 /H 2 O 2 process leads to 82 % TOC removal efficiency. On the other hand, the GAC adsorption along with UV 254 /H 2 O 2 treatment of regenerant (condensed steam) from the desorption process leads to 88 % TOC removal at optimum conditions.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".