Differential Changes in Dopamine D<sub>2</sub>- and D<sub>1</sub>-Receptor mRNA Levels Induced by Hypoxia in the Arterial Chemoreflex Pathway Organs in One-Day-Old and Adult Rabbits
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study determined: (1) whether dopamine (DA) D2-receptor (R) and D1-R mRNA levels in the carotid body (CB), petrosal ganglion (PG) and superior cervical ganglion (SCG) are modulated by hypoxia; (2) the role of hypoxia intensity and exposure duration, and (3) whether the pattern of modulation differs between newborn (1-day-old) and adult rabbits. Rabbits were exposed to five FiO2 conditions: 21% (control); 15%/6 h; 15%/24 h; 8%/6 h and 8%/24 h. D2- and D1-R mRNA expression levels were calculated for each hypoxia condition relative to control using RT-PCR analysis. In the CB of 1-day-old rabbits, D2- and D1-R transcript levels increased and decreased after exposure to 15 and 8% O2, respectively. In the adult CB, D2- and D1-R transcript levels decreased independently of hypoxia intensities. Only changes in D1-R mRNA levels were dependent on exposure time. In the PG, both hypoxia intensities decreased the D2-R transcript levels in 1-day-old and adult rabbits; but for the D1-R mRNA levels, hypoxia decreased its level in 1-day-old rabbits and increased it in adults regardless of exposure duration. In the SCG, hypoxia had no determinant effect on the D2-R mRNA levels either in newborn or adult rabbits while it induced a decrease of D1-R transcript levels in 1-day-old rabbits and an increase in adult rabbits. It is concluded that hypoxia affects DA D2- or D1-R mRNA levels in the chemoreflex pathway in an age-dependent and site-specific manner.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".