Reactions of Zn2+, Cd2+ and Hg2+ with Free Adenine
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We are reporting the fluorescence quenching, IR, Raman, 1H-NMR, and potentiometric studies for the Zn2+:adenine and the Cd2+:adenine systems under ambient conditions. IR and Raman spectra suggest that Zn2+ and Cd2+ interact with adenine but the modes of interaction differ. Fluorescence spectra indicate that the interaction involving Zn2+ is more favorable than that of Cd2+, and this effect is due to the difference in ionic radii. 1H-NMR, potentiometry, and speciation diagrams indicate the formation of strong metal ion adenine complexes. Potentiometric titrations of the heavier member of group 12 metals (Hg2+) show similar results to that of Zn2+ and Cd2+. Some differences in the 1H-NMR experiments appeared between both (Zn2+ and Cd2+) compared to that of Hg2+. Due to the fluorescence quenching of adenine, adenine can be used as a sensor of Zn2+ and Cd2+.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".