Enhanced Raman scattering in graphene by plasmonic resonant Stokes emission
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Exploiting surface plasmon polaritons to enhance interactions between graphene and light has recently attracted much interest. In particular, nonlinear optical processes in graphene can be dramatically enhanced and controlled by plasmonic nanostructures. This work demonstrates Raman scattering enhancement in graphene based on plasmonic resonant enhancement of the Stokes emission, and compares this mechanism with the conventional Raman enhancement by resonant pump absorption. Arrays of optical nanoantennas with different resonant frequency are utilized to independently identify the effects of each mechanism on Raman scattering in graphene via the measured enhancement factor and its spectral linewidth. We demonstrate that, while both mechanisms offer large enhancement factors (scattering cross‐section gains of 160 and 20 for individual nanoantennas, respectively), they affect the graphene Raman spectrum quite differently. Our results provide a benchmark to assess and quantify the role and merit of each mechanism in surface‐plasmon‐mediated Raman scattering in graphene, and may be employed for design and realization of a variety of graphene optoelectronic devices involving nonlinear optical processes.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
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Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it