Volunteer Glyphosate and Glufosinate Resistant Corn Competitiveness and Control in Glyphosate and Glufosinate Resistant Corn
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Glyphosate and glufosinate resistant (RR/LL) volunteer corn has become a problem when hybrid RR/LL corn follows hybrid RR/LL corn in the rotation. A total of six field trials were conducted over a three-year period (2008 to 2010) in southwestern Ontario to 1) evaluate the competitiveness of volunteer RR/LL corn in hybrid RR/LL corn, and 2) determine how to control volunteer RR/LL corn in hybrid RR/LL corn. The predicted volunteer RR/LL corn density to reduce hybrid RR/LL corn yield by 5% was 1.7 volunteer RR/LL corn plants m－2. There was no crop injury in hybrid RR/LL corn with herbicides evaluated at 1 and 2 WAA except for rimsulfuron(15 g·ai·ha－1) and foramsulfuron (35 g·ai·ha－1) which caused as much as 5% and 11% injury in hybrid RR/LL corn, respectively. Glyphosate (1800 g·ae·ha－1), glufosinate(500 g·ae·ha－1) and glyphosate + glufosinate (1800 + 500 g·ae·ha－1) provided up to 18%, 10% and 21% control of volunteer RR/LL corn, respectively. The POST application of rimsulfuron (15 g·ai·ha－1), nicosulfuron (25 g·ai·ha－1), nicosulfuron/rimsulfuron (25 g·ai·ha－1), foramsulfuron (35 g·ai·ha－1), and primisulfuron/dicamba (166 g·ai·ha－1) did not provided any control of volunteer RR/LL corn. Glyphosate and glyphosate + glufosinate reduced volunteer corn density 26% and 30%, respectively. The other herbicides evaluated did not reduce volunteer RR/LL corn density compared to the weedy control. None of the herbicides evaluated reduced volunteer RR/LL corn cob numbers compared to the weedy control. Glyphosate + glufosinate applied POST reduced volunteer RR/LL corn yield 35% compared to the weedy control but other herbicides evaluated caused no reduction in volunteer RR/LL corn yield compared to the weedy control. Glyphosate applied POST resulted in hybrid RR/LL corn yield equivalent to the weed free control but all other herbicide treatments resulted hybrid RR/LL corn yield equivalent to the weedy control. This research concludes that volunteer RR/LL corn can be very competitive with RR/LL hybrid corn. None of the herbicides evaluated provided adequate control of volunteer RR/LL corn in hybrid RR/LL corn.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it