Health Status and Health Service Utilization of Infants and Mothers During the First Year After Neonatal Intensive Care
Bibliographic record
Abstract
PURPOSE: To describe the self-reported health status of mothers and maternal report of their infants' health problems at 3, 6, and 12 months after the infant's discharge from the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and to describe the self-reported utilization of health resources and services during the first year of the infants' life. SUBJECTS: One hundred fifty-two mothers of 165 infants who were admitted to the NICU. DESIGN: Descriptive longitudinal study that was part of a larger project that investigated changes in family function during the first year after the birth of an infant requiring neonatal intensive care. METHODS: Mothers were asked to complete the study questionnaires at 3, 6, and 12 months after the infants' discharge from the NICU. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Maternal health status (1 question from the Short Form-12 Health Survey); health service utilization of mothers and their infants (components of the Health and Social Service Utilization Questionnaire adapted for postpartum women and their newborn infants); and mother's report of infant's health problems and infant's re-hospitalization(s) (form developed for current study). PRINCIPAL RESULTS: The majority of mothers described their current health to be excellent or very good (73%, 64%, and 73%, at 3, 6, and 12 months, respectively). Approximately half of the mothers indicated that their infants had a variety of health problems during each of the 3 time periods after NICU discharge. Use of health services was reported by the largest proportion of mothers in the 3 months after discharge, with physicians being the most heavily used group at each of the 3 time periods (72%, 36%, and 45% at 3, 6, and 12 months, respectively). According to maternal report, few infants were readmitted to hospital at any time period (14%, 6%, and 10% at 3, 6, and 12 months, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Few mothers of high-risk infants in the current study reported poor health. About half of the sample reported their infants to have health problems during the first year of life. Mothers reported use of more health services during the first 3 months following their child's discharge than during the latter part of the first year. Mothers also reported using more health services for their infants in this time period compared with the later time periods. By maternal report, few infants were rehospitalized in any time period.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".