Suspected Peritonsillar Abscess in Children
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: (1) To describe the demographic features and clinical course of children diagnosed with suspected peritonsillar abscess (PTA), (2) to determine the incidence of suspected and confirmed PTA in children younger than 18 years, and (3) to examine the factors associated with corticosteroid use and outpatient management of suspected PTA. METHODS: We conducted a population-based, retrospective chart review. The study was conducted within the Calgary Health Region (CHR). Patients met inclusion criteria if they were younger than 18 years, resided in the CHR, and were diagnosed with PTA (International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision 475) in the CHR between March 1994 and December 2001. RESULTS: We identified 229 children (cases) who presented with 249 unique episodes of suspected PTA. The incidence of suspected PTA among children in the CHR was 14 cases per 100,000 person-years at risk. The incidence was highest among adolescents (40 cases per 100,000 person-years). The incidence of confirmed PTA was 3 cases per 100,000 person-years at risk. Among those with suspected PTA, surgical intervention, intravenous antibiotics, and corticosteroids were provided to 34%, 87%, and 37%, respectively. One hundred fifty-seven patients (69%) were initially managed as outpatients. Of these, 12 (8%) had subsequent uncomplicated hospital admissions. CONCLUSIONS: Peritonsillar abscess is primarily a problem of adolescence, but the disease does occur in young children. Corticosteroid use was common but without either clear benefit or adverse outcomes. Two thirds of patients were managed as outpatients without any apparent increase in adverse outcomes.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".