Temporal progression of recombination in human males
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
To date, immunocytology has been used in humans to detect a limited number of meiotic proteins: components of the synaptonemal complex (SCP1 and SCP3) and some proteins known to participate in recombination events, such as MLH1 or RAD51. However, the colocalization or coexistence of proteins known to participate during the different stages of human meiosis remains largely unstudied, and these studies could provide important clues about the mechanics of recombination. This work reports the relative timing and localization of five different meiotic proteins that have previously been implicated in human homologous recombination [RAD51, replication protein A (RPA), MSH4, MLH1 and MLH3]. MSH4 foci appear concurrently with synapsis initiation at zygotene, shortly after the first RAD51 foci are detected. The presence of RPA in MSH4 foci was noted, suggesting that these two proteins may act co-operatively. Both RPA and MSH4 foci reach maximal numbers at the end of zygotene, when synapsis is concluding. From this point, RPA foci all but disappear by the end of pachytene, whereas MSH4 foci decline to a stable number at mid-pachytene, where they localize with MLH1/MLH3 recombination sites. We discuss a possible role for MSH4 in synapsis initiation and/or maintenance.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it