Particulate Matter Air Pollution Stimulates Monocyte Release from the Bone Marrow
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Particulate air pollution (PM(10)) stimulates alveolar macrophages (AMs) to release immature granulocytes from the bone marrow (BM) into the circulation. This study was designed to determine the effect of PM(10) (ambient EHC-93 or inert carbon [CC]) instillation exposure on the monocyte release from the BM and the role of AM in this response. Monocyte precursors were labeled in the BM of rabbits in vivo by an intravenous injection of 5'-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine, and the effects of PM(10) were determined by instillation either particles or supernatants of AM exposed to particles into the lungs. Instillation of EHC-93 (500 microg/ml) or supernatants from AM incubated with EHC-93 (100 microg/ml) increased circulating band cell counts (p < 0.05) and shortened the transit time of monocytes through the BM (35.5 +/- 2.2 to 25.0 +/- 1.5 hours or 36.2 +/- 2.6 to 25.7 +/- 1.8 hours, p < 0.05) compared with the control subject. CC (1%) instillation also shortened the monocyte BM transit time to 28.4 +/- 1.9 hours (p < 0.05), but supernatants of AM incubated with CC did not. We conclude that exposure to atmospheric PM(10) stimulates the production of mediators by AM, and these cytokines accelerate the monocyte release from the BM.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".