<i><scp>D</scp>reyfusia nordmannianae</i> in <scp>N</scp>orthern and <scp>C</scp>entral <scp>E</scp>urope: potential for biological control and comments on its taxonomy
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract The silver fir woolly adelgid, D reyfusia nordmannianae , is the most severe pest occurring on A bies nordmanniana in C entral and N orthern E urope. The adelgid is particularly damaging to trees in C hristmas tree plantations. D reyfusia nordmannianae is native to the C aucasus region and alien to E urope, where its natural enemy complex is less diverse compared to its area of origin. Mitochondrial and nuclear DNA sequence data from the samples of D . nordmannianae collected in its native range and E urope and from the samples of D reyfusia piceae and D reyfusia prelli collected in E urope and N orth A merica were examined for phylogenetic structure. There was no evidence of differentiation, suggesting that these D reyfusia species have recently diverged or require taxonomic revision. All existing published and unpublished reports on natural enemies of D . nordmannianae in its place of origin were reviewed, with the purpose of selecting agents for classical biological control in E urope. The literature review suggested that the most promising agent was the C hamaemyiidae fly, L eucopis hennigrata . A new survey in D . nordmannianae 's area of origin – T urkey, G eorgia and R ussia – showed that L . hennigrata was present in all localities. It was particularly abundant in Turkey, where its impact on populations of D . nordmannianae appears to be high. Its use as a biological control agent is discussed, as well as other biological control strategies.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it