HYPERBARIC OXYGEN THERAPY AS A FORM OF TREATMENT FOR AN ACUTE SOFT TISSUE INJURY
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy of exposure to hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBO) for the treatment of an acute soft tissue injury. Sixteen sedentary, female university students participated in the study and were randomly assigned to one of two groups; experimental or control. All subjects performed 300 maximal voluntary eccentric contractions (30 sets of 10 repetitions/minute) of their non-dominant leg (110° – 35° of knee flexion) at a slow speed (30° per second) on a KinCom Dynamometer, to elicit muscle damage and injury. Treatment with hyperbaric oxygen consisted of breathing 100% oxygen for 60 minutes at 2.0 ATA while the control group, received 21% oxygen at 1.2 ATA for sixty minutes. Both groups received treatment immediately after inducing the soft tissue injury and each day subsequently for a total of four treatments. Dependent variables (perceived muscle soreness, isokinetic strength, quadriceps circumference, creatine kinase (CK) and malondialdehyde (MDA)) were assessed baseline and each day following treatments. MRI [T2 relaxation time/STIR] was assessed baseline, 24 hours post-exercise and 72 hours post-exercise. Isokinetic strength and perceived soreness indicated significance (p < 0.05) for injury to the quadricep muscle for both groups but no difference was seen between groups (p > 0.05). Quadricep circumference was measured at the 10 and 20 cm reference point above the superior portion of the patella. The 10cm girth measurement indicated significance (p < 0.05) for muscle injury but there was no difference between groups (p > 0.05); 20 cm measurement showed no significance for both within and between groups (p > 0.05). No significance was evident for serum CK and MDA analysis, both within and between groups (p > 0.05). Finally, MRI analysis for T2 weighted imaging of the rectus femoris, vastus medius and vastus lateralis showed no statistical significance (p > 0.05) between groups for treatment effects. Similarly, analysis of the STIR images indicated no statistical significance (p > 0.05) for the same three muscles. The findings of this study suggest that hyperbaric oxygen therapy was not effective in the treatment of exercise-induced muscle injury as indicated by the markers evaluated.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".