1.55μm laterally coupled ridge-waveguide DFB lasers with third-order surface grating
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Laterally-coupled distributed feedback (LC-DFB) lasers offer compelling advantages over standard DFB lasers. The use of surface grating on the ridge waveguide sidewalls in LC-DFB devices avoids any epitaxial overgrowth. This provides a considerable simplification in the fabrication process, reducing cost and time of manufacturing, and ultimately increasing yield. It offers also the potential for monolithic integration with other devices; paving the way towards low-cost and mass-production of photonics integrated circuits. In this work, we report on the realization of high-order grating InGaAsP/InP multiple-quantum-well (MQW) LC-DFB lasers at 1.55 μm by means of stepper lithography and inductively-coupled reactive-ion as well as wet chemical etching. Third-order rectangular-shaped grating has been lithographically defined on the ridge waveguide sidewalls with a relatively deep etching along the laser cavity. The preliminary experimental characterization shows interesting results for as-cleaved devices tested in room temperature under CW operation. A fabricated 1500 μm-long cavity LC-DFB laser shows stable single-mode operation with a side mode suppression ratio as high as 50 dB. The tested device can emit at power as high as 9 mW, and the measured threshold current is around 80 mA at room temperature. Moreover, the measured linewidth has been found to be as narrow as 178 kHz using the delayed self-heterodyne interferometric technique.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".