Polyphosphate and siliceous granules in the macroscopic gametophytes of the red alga Porphyra purpurea (Bangiophyceae, Rhodophyta)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Phosphorylated fractions in tissues of starved and fresh plants of Porphyra purpurea, a representative of the Bangiophyceae, were analyzed over a 48 h incubation period in pulse-enriched seawater (15 uM phosphorus and 25 uM nitrogen). Compared to Chondrus crispus, a representative of the structurally and reproductively more complex Florideophyceae, P. purpurea takes up phosphorus much more actively, with a higher turnover rate, in which the orthophosphate fraction is predominant and acid-soluble and acid-insoluble polyphosphates are less significant as storage pools. Presence of cytoplasmic acid-insoluble polyphosphate granules was confirmed by transmission electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis. The granules in P. purpurea were much smaller (20–110 nm in diameter) than those in C. crispus (around 1 um, but some larger than 2 um). Larger granules (290–310 nm) were observed in P. purpurea. They were more uniformly electron-opaque, without the reticulated/globular appearance of typical polyphosphate granules. Energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis demonstrated they were siliceous granules. To our knowledge, this is the first report in algae of such structures whose occurrence and metabolic role remain enigmatic.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".