SP1 regulates a human <i>SNAP‐25</i> gene expression
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The synaptosomal-associated protein of 25 kDa (SNAP-25) is a pre-synaptic plasma membrane protein. SNAP-25 plays an important role in synaptic vesicle membrane docking and fusion, which is involved in the regulation of neurotransmitter release. SNAP-25 has been implicated in the pathogenesis of neuropsychiatric disorders including Schizophrenia, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and Alzheimer's disease. We cloned a 1584 bp segment of the 5' flanking region of the human SNAP-25 gene. A series of nested deletions of the 5' flanking region fragment were subcloned into the pGL3-basic luciferase reporter plasmid. N2A cells were transfected with the SNAP-25 promoter constructs and luciferase activity was measured as an indication of promoter activity. We identified a 188 bp fragment containing the transcription initiation site as the minimal region necessary for promoter activity. Several putative cis-acting elements including SP1, hypoxia inducible factor (HIF), cAMP-response element binding protein, T-cell factor/lymphocyte enhancer factor 1 (TCF/LEF1), AP1 and the signal transducer and activator of transcription-6 (STAT6) are found in the 5' flanking region of SNAP-25 gene. Transcriptional activation and gel shift assays showed that the human SNAP-25 gene promoter contains functional SP1 response elements. Over-expression of SP1 increased SNAP-25 gene expression and inhibition of SP1-mediated transcriptional activation reduced SNAP-25 gene expression. These results suggest that SP1 plays an important role in regulation of the human SNAP-25 gene expression.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".