Light-Emitting Diodes from Fluorene-Based π-Conjugated Polymers
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We report the synthesis of novel fluorene-based π-conjugated polymers and the investigation of their electroluminescent properties in organic light-emitting devices. We also report on the photo- and electroluminescence of materials of the same class whose synthesis was recently published. The alternated incorporation of phenylene or thiophene moieties in fluorene-based π-conjugated polymers leads to the tunability of the electroluminescent properties. The spectral emission varies from blue to green or yellow, depending on the composition of the copolymers. To enhance the luminous efficiency of the devices, the hole injection and hole transport into the polymer were improved by insertion of an insulating buffer layer and the incorporation of efficient hole transport material in the polymer. The insertion of a charge injection layer such as LiF and a hole transport layer such as N, N ‘-diphenyl- N, N ‘-bis(3-methylphenyl)-1,1-biphenyl-4,4‘-diamine significantly improves the electroluminescence efficiency of the diode from 4.5 to 125 cd/m 2 .
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".