Simultaneous treatment of methane and swine slurry by biofiltration
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract BACKGROUND: The piggery industry is important both worldwide and in Canada, but localized production of large quantities of swine slurry causes severe environmental problems such as aquatic pollution and greenhouse gas emissions. The main objective of this study was to determine whether it is possible to simultaneously treat methane (CH 4 ) and swine slurry using an inorganic biofilter. RESULTS: A novel biofilter was designed to overcome the inhibition of CH 4 biodegradation by swine slurry. The CH 4 elimination capacity increased with the inlet load and a maximum value of 18.8 ± 1.0 g m −3 h −1 was obtained at an inlet load of 46.7 ± 0.9 g m −3 h −1 and a CH 4 concentration of 3.3 g m −3 . Four pure strains of fungi were used in an attempt to improve the removal of CH 4 , but no significant effect was observed. Between 0.35 and 3.4 g m −3 , the CH 4 concentration had no effect on swine slurry treatment with removal efficiencies of 67 ± 10% for organic carbon and 70 ± 7% for ammonium. The influence of the slurry supply was analyzed and the best results were obtained with a supply method of six doses of 50 mL per day. CONCLUSION: Even though the results were lower than those obtained for the biofiltration of CH 4 alone, this study demonstrated the feasibility of treating CH 4 and swine slurry with the same biofilter using a novel design. Copyright © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".