Hypotensive effect of genistein in angiotensin-treated hypertensive rats; implication of the ERK-MAPK pathway and the superoxyde anion radical
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The effects of genistein on the blood pressure of angiotensin-treated hypertensive rats were studied in correlation with the ERK-MAPK activity and the production of superoxyde anion radical in the aortic tissue. Hypertension was induced in Sprague-Dawley rats by a treatment of angiotensin II (200ng/kg/hour) with osmotic pumps for a period of 12 days. The genistein (0.17mg/kg/hour) was given following the same procedure. The average arterial pressure was monitored every other day by a tail-cuff method. The superoxyde anion radical concentration was measured by lucegenin-enhanced chemiluminescence technique. The activity of ERK-MAPK pathway was measured by western blot. An increase of arterial pressure of 27% was observed (141.8±7.49 to 180.6±2.7mmHg, p<0.05) after 12 days in the angiotensin-treated rats compared to controls. When these hypertensive rats were treated with genistein which inhibit tyrosine kinase, the increase in pressure was attenuated to only 9.5%(141.8±7.49 to 155.3±1.0mmHg, p<0.05). The concentration of the superoxyde anion radical in the aortic tissues of hypertensive rats increased by 235% compared to controls(2360.4±443 to 7904.5±883.5cpm, p<0.05). When treated with genistein, this increase was lowered to 96%(2360.4±443 to 4619.5±224.5cpm, p<0.05). Finally, the ERK-MAPK activity was 1.45±0.12 (p<0.05) times greater in tissues from rats treated with angiotensin II alone. The levels of ERK-MAPK activation were similar in tissues from rats treated with genistein and normotensive controls. Our results show that the blockade of tyrosine kinase pathway with genistein can attenuate significantly the increase in blood pressure induced by angiotensin II. It was also shown that the effect of genistein on the increase of blood pressure may be linked to a decrease in the activity of the ERK-MAPK pathway and in the production of the superoxyde anion radical in the aortic tissues. These results suggest a possible implication of ERK-MAPK pathway and superoxyde anion radical modulation in angiotensin-induced hypertension.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".