Time series study of CFC concentrations in the Labrador Sea during deep and shallow convection regimes (1991–2000)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Annual measurements of concentrations of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) along the Labrador Sea WOCE repeat section (AR7W) during 1991–2000 revealed increasing CFC‐12 concentrations in the surface layer (<100 m), the newly ventilated Labrador Seawater (LSW), North East Atlantic Deep Water (NEADW), and Denmark Strait Overflow Water (DSOW). In newly ventilated LSW, CFC concentrations were influenced less by CFC concentrations in the atmosphere than by convection regimes, including the deep convection years of 1991–1994 and the shallow convection years of 1995–2000. The average saturation levels for CFC‐12 and CFC‐11 in the newly ventilated LSW also showed large variations between two convection regimes, which would suggest using caution in estimating ventilation ages for the LSW away from the source. A time series of the CFC‐12 inventory in the Labrador Sea demonstrated the enhanced storage of CFC‐12 during the years of deep convection, while a lower rate of inventory increase was observed during the shallow convection period of late 1990s. This suggests that a periodic renewal of intermediate and deep waters by deep convection influences the uptake of anthropogenic gases such as CFC‐12 and presumably anthropogenic carbon dioxide.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".