Resetting and annihilation of reentrant activity in a model of a one-dimensional loop of ventricular tissue
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Resetting and annihilation of reentrant activity by a single stimulus pulse (S1) or a pair (S1-S2) of coupled pulses are studied in a model of one-dimensional loop of cardiac tissue using a Beeler-Reuter-type ionic model. Different modes of reentry termination are described. The classical mode of termination by unidirectional block, in which a stimulus produces only a retrograde front that collides with the activation front of the reentry, can be obtained for both S1 and S1-S2 applied over a small vulnerable window. We demonstrate that another scenario of termination-that we term collision block-can also be induced by the S1-S2 protocol. This scenario is obtained over a much wider range of S1-S2 coupling intervals than the one leading to a unidirectional block. In the collision block, S1 produces a retrograde front, colliding with the activation front of the pre-existing reentry, and an antegrade front propagating in the same direction as the initial reentry. Then, S2 also produces an antegrade and a retrograde front. However, the propagation of these fronts in the spatial profile of repolarization left by S1 leads to a termination of the reentrant activity. More complex behaviors also occur in which the antegrade fronts produced by S1 and S2 both persist for several turns, displaying a growing alternation in action potential duration ("alternans amplification") that may lead to the termination of the reentrant activity. The hypothesis that both collision block and alternans amplification depend on the interaction between the action potential duration restitution curve and the recovery curve of conduction velocity is supported by the fact that the dynamical behaviors were reproduced using an integro-delay equation based on these two properties. We thus describe two new mechanisms (collision block and alternans amplification) whereby electrical stimulation can terminate reentrant activity. (c) 2002 American Institute of Physics.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it