A Comparative Study of the Effects of Hemin and Bilirubin on Bilateral Renal Ischemia Reperfusion Injury
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS: The aim of this study was to determine the effects of hemin, a heme oxygenase-1 inducer, and bilirubin on renal ischemia-reperfusion (I-R) injury. METHODS: 40 Wistar-Albino rats were allocated into six groups as follows: sham (S), bilirubin (B), hemin (H), ischemia/reperfusion (IR), IR + bilirubin (IRB) and IR + hemin (IRH). Conjugated bilirubin (20 mg.kg(-1) i.v.) was given to rats in groups B and IRB, and hemin (50 mg.kg(-1) i.p.) was given to rats in groups H and IRH just prior to reperfusion. Renal I-R was achieved by occluding the renal arteries bilaterally for 50 min. Following 6 h of reperfusion, blood was drawn to study BUN, creatinine and bilirubin, and tissue samples were harvested to determine the renal malonyldialdehyde and heme oxygenase-1 levels, and for histopathologic grading. RESULTS: BUN, creatinine and malonyldialdehyde levels in group IRH were similar to controls whereas the results of groups IR and IRB were significantly higher (p < 0.01). There was a grade 2 damage in all I-R groups. CONCLUSION: This study showed the preventive effect of hemin on renal ischemia reperfusion injury. Administration of exogenous bilirubin did not prevent the I-R injury.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".