An Experimental Investigation of the Flowfield and Dust Resuspension Due to Idealized Human Walking
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In order to address how human foot movement causes particles to be resuspended from the floor, particle flow visualization and particle image velocimetry (PIV) measurements were performed on a simplified model of the human walking motion; a disk moving normal to the floor. Flow visualization of particles, seeded initially on the ground, indicates that particles are resuspended by both the downward and upward motions of the walking process. On both the upstep and the downstep, particle resuspension occurs due to a high velocity wall jet, forming between the wall and the disk in general accord with the mechanism for particle resuspension put forth by Khalifa and Elhadidi (2007, “Particle Levitation Due to a Uniformly Descending Flat Object,” Aerosol Sci. Technol., 41, pp. 33–42). Large-scale ring vortex structures were formed on both the downstep and the upstep, and did not cause particle resuspension, but were extremely effective at quickly moving the already resuspended particles away from the wall. By varying the seeding of the particles, it was determined that only particles underneath and toward the outer edge of the disk are resuspended.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".