Combined imaginal exposure and cognitive restructuring therapy is more effective than supportive counselling for treating post-traumatic stress disorder
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Bryant RA, Moulds ML, Guthrie RM, et al . Imaginal exposure alone and imaginal exposure with cognitive restructuring in treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder. J Consult Clin Psychol 2003;71:706–12.[OpenUrl][1][CrossRef][2][PubMed][3][Web of Science][4] Q For people with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), does cognitive restructuring with prolonged imaginal exposure lead to greater symptom relief than imaginal exposure alone? ### ![Graphic][5] Design: Randomised controlled trial. ### ![Graphic][6] Allocation: Concealed. ### ![Graphic][7] Blinding: Assessors blinded to treatment. ### ![Graphic][8] Follow up period: Six months. ### ![Graphic][9] Setting: Hospital PTSD unit, Sydney, Australia. ### ![Graphic][10] Patients: 58 people referred to PTSD unit after non-sexual assault or traffic accident, displaying PTSD (DSM-IV criteria) ≥ 3 months. Exclusions: history of psychosis, substance dependence, childhood sexual abuse, current suicidal ideation, or aged <17 or >60 years. ### ![Graphic][11] Intervention: Imaginal exposure; imaginal exposure plus cognitive restructuring; or supportive counselling for 8 weekly 90 minute sessions with daily homework. ### ![Graphic][12] Outcomes: PTSD symptoms assessed using clinician administered PTSD scale. … [1]: {openurl}?query=rft.jtitle%253DJournal%2Bof%2Bconsulting%2Band%2Bclinical%2Bpsychology%26rft.stitle%253DJ%2BConsult%2BClin%2BPsychol%26rft.aulast%253DBryant%26rft.auinit1%253DR.%2BA.%26rft.volume%253D71%26rft.issue%253D4%26rft.spage%253D706%26rft.epage%253D712%26rft.atitle%253DImaginal%2Bexposure%2Balone%2Band%2Bimaginal%2Bexposure%2Bwith%2Bcognitive%2Brestructuring%2Bin%2Btreatment%2Bof%2Bposttraumatic%2Bstress%2Bdisorder.%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Adoi%252F10.1037%252F0022-006X.71.4.706%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Apmid%252F12924676%26rft.genre%253Darticle%26rft_val_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Ajournal%26ctx_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ctx_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Actx [2]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=10.1037/0022-006X.71.4.706&link_type=DOI [3]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=12924676&link_type=MED&atom=%2Febmental%2F7%2F1%2F18.atom [4]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=000184292500009&link_type=ISI [5]: /embed/inline-graphic-1.gif [6]: /embed/inline-graphic-2.gif [7]: /embed/inline-graphic-3.gif [8]: /embed/inline-graphic-4.gif [9]: /embed/inline-graphic-5.gif [10]: /embed/inline-graphic-6.gif [11]: /embed/inline-graphic-7.gif [12]: /embed/inline-graphic-8.gif
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.018 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".