One-step synthesis of N- and F-codoped mesoporous TiO<sub>2</sub>photocatalysts with high visible light activity
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We report on a novel approach to the synthesis of N- and F-codoped mesoporous TiO2 photocatalysts via a reproducible, rapid and single-step combustion method. TiF4 was used as the precursor to provide the source of Ti and F, while urea was used as the fuel as well as the source of the N dopant. The as-synthesized samples were characterized by x-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and UV-vis spectroscopy. The specific surface areas of the samples were determined using a Quantachrome Nova 2200 for the N2 adsorption/desorption under liquid-nitrogen temperature. Our studies show that the fabricated N- and F-codoped TiO2 photocatalysts have mesoporous structure and a very large specific surface area (155.3 m(2) g(-1)) and that the codoping of N and F significantly narrows the TiO2 bandgap energy from 3.2 to 2.45 eV. We further studied the photocatalytic activity of the synthesized N- and F-codoped mesoporous TiO2 through the decomposition of acetic acid, showing that the N- and F-codoped mesoporous TiO2 catalyst fabricated in this study exhibits superb photocatalytic activity and visible light response compared to one of the best commercially available TiO2 photocatalysts, P25.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".