Equipartitioning of Precipitant Solubles between the Solution Phase and Precipitated Asphaltene in the Precipitation of Asphaltene
Bibliographic record
Abstract
It is shown by sequential reprecipitation that both n -C 5 and n -C 7 Athabasca asphaltene contain significant amounts of precipitant solubles, comprising resins and low-molecular-weight asphaltene-like substances in about the same percentage amounts relative to the residual precipitated insoluble asphaltene. All of the several hundred resinous molecules detected in the n -C 5 solubles, with some minor exceptions, were also detected in the resin fraction of the maltene. From an estimation of the concentrations of several compound classes in the solution and solid asphaltene phases, values were derived for the equipartitioning coefficients. The results implicate aromatic stacking as the dominant mode of association of resins and asphaltene. The aggregate amount of n -C 5 solubles associated with the n -C 5 insoluble plus the aggregate amount of n -C 7 solubles associated with the n -C 7 insoluble residual asphaltene obtained in the sixth reprecipitation is more than 50% of the latter, and in the native oil, it is estimated to exceed 70%. This fraction, representing a fifth compound class of crude oil, plays a paramount role in the stabilization of the colloidal solution of asphaltene and should be investigated more extensively.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".