Behavioural Correlates of Cognitive Skill Learning in Parkinson's Disease
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The impact of basal ganglia dysfunction on cognitive skill learning was explored using a learning version of the Tower of London (TOL) task, which places a heavy load on working memory and is not confounded by declarative memory, as have been previous tasks. Two subgroups of Parkinson's disease (PD) patients were assessed and also completed a selection of neuropsychological tests: the first was unmedicated (de novo, n=12) and the second included patients normally receiving L-DOPA, but tested off medication (n=12). Overall, neither subgroup was impaired when learning the task compared to control participants (n=22). Six patients, however, failed to improve their performance with practice. Their learning deficit could not be explained in terms of their functional status; instead, it was related to deficits on span tests. Thus, the inability to acquire a new cognitive skill in PD may not be due to learning impairments per se, but rather, it appears to be secondary to working memory deficits.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".