Vascular Ultrasound Screening for Asymptomatic Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This health technology assessment examines vascular ultrasound screening for abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) in asymptomatic populations.Screening reduces the incidence of AAA ruptures, rates of emergency surgical repair and AAA-attributable mortality in males ages 65 to 74.The benefit of screening women has not been established.Ontario data suggest that AAA is underdiagnosed in women, and that women are systematically undertreated.Targeting smokers for screening was found to maximize cost-effectiveness.Economic analysis found that screening may generate savings from the avoidance of emergency surgeries.Based on these findings, the Ontario Health Technology Advisory Committee has recommended screening for AAA in both male and female ever-smokers ages 65 to 74. RésuméL'évaluation de cette technologie de la santé se penche sur le dépistage, par échographie vasculaire de l' anévrisme de l' aorte abdominale (AAA) auprès des populations asymptomatiques.Le dépistage permet de réduire l'incidence de ruptures d' AAA ainsi que le taux d'interventions chirurgicales urgentes et le taux de mortalité attribuables aux AAA chez les hommes de 65 à 74 ans.Les avantages du dépistage auprès des femmes n' ont pas encore été démontrés.En Ontario, les données suggèrent que les taux de prévalence et de détection chez les femmes sont sous-estimés et que celles-ci reçoivent un traitement systématiquement insuffisant.On observe que le dépistage ciblé auprès des fumeurs permet de maximiser le rapport coût-efficacité.L'analyse économique révèle que le dépistage peut mener à des économies, notamment en permettant de réduire le recours aux chirurgies urgentes.Le Comité consultatif ontarien des technologies de la santé recommande le dépistage de l' AAA chez les hommes et les femmes, entre 65 et 74 ans, fumeurs ou ex-fumeurs. T ContextAbdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is an abnormal dilatation of the aorta that can rupture, often without warning.Ruptured AAAs are always life-threatening and require emergency surgical repair.Risk of death from ruptured AAA is 80% to 90%, with over half of deaths occurring before the patient reaches hospital.In comparison, mortality for individuals undergoing elective surgery is only 5% to 7%.Since AAA symptoms rarely occur prior to rupture, detection of aneurysms at a size when rupture is unlikely is viable through screening.Ultrasound screening can visualize the aorta in 99% of patients, and with sensitivity and specificity approaching 100%, it is non-invasive, fast, relatively inexpensive and does not expose patients to radiation.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".