Subfornical Organ Efferents Influence the Excitability of Neurohypophyseal and Tuberoinfundibular Paraventricular Nucleus Neurons in the Rat
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Electrical stimulation in the subfornical organ (SFO) alters the excitability of antidromically identified paraventricular nucleus neurons. Extracellular recordings demonstrate that the dominant effect of single stimuli delivered to the SFO on neurohypophyseal oxytocin and vasopressin containing neurons is an increase in excitability. In 35% of cells tested, this excitation showed a long latency (44.3 +/- 3.4 ms) prolonged duration (208.7 +/- 23.5 ms), while in 16% of the neurons the excitation observed may be described as short latency (24.7 +/- 1.8 ms) short duration (11.6 +/- 1.4 ms). Of the remaining cells antidromically identified as projecting to the posterior pituitary, 12% showed initial decreases in excitability following SFO stimulation while the remaining 37% were unaffected. Evidence is presented demonstrating that stimulation in the region of the SFO results in short latency (27.9 +/- 2.4 ms) short duration (7.8 +/- 0.7 ms) increases in excitability in 22% of antidromically identified PVN tuberoinfundibular neurons tested. These data provide electrophysiological evidence in support of the proposed role of the subfornical organ in the control of posterior and anterior pituitary function.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".