Corticosteroids, Behavior, and Quality of Life in Children Treated for Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia; A Multicentered Trial
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of high-dose corticosteroids on behavior and quality of life of children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in maintenance therapy. Forty-three families (patient and/or parent) completed the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL) Cancer module questionnaires, a checklist of common complaints, and a descriptive intervention data questionnaire, on and off steroids, each child serving as his/her own control. Children 5 years and younger had higher CBCL scores in the somatic complaints, affective problems, internalizing, externalizing, and total problem scales, when comparing "on-steroid" to "off-steroid" periods (P<0.01). Children 6 years and above had higher CBCL scores in the externalizing, aggressive, and oppositional defiant problem scales on steroids compared with off steroids (P<0.05). Older children had larger changes on dexamethasone, compared with prednisone (P<0.05). On the PedsQL questionnaire, parents reported more pain and hurt (P<0.001), nausea (P=0.042), and procedural anxiety (P=0.013) when children were on steroids compared with off steroids. Corticosteroid treatment during ALL maintenance therapy is associated with behavior and emotional disturbances and adversely affects quality of life. Dexamethasone is associated with more significant behavioral changes in older children.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".