Evaluation of mitochondrial genes as DNA barcode for Basidiomycota
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Our study evaluated in silico the potential of 14 mitochondrial genes encoding the subunits of the respiratory chain complexes, including cytochrome c oxidase I (CO1), as Basidiomycota DNA barcode. Fifteen complete and partial mitochondrial genomes were recovered and characterized in this study. Mitochondrial genes showed high values of molecular divergence, indicating a potential for the resolution of lower-level relationships. However, numerous introns occurred in CO1 as well as in six other genes, potentially interfering with polymerase chain reaction amplification. Considering these results and given the minimal length of 600-bp that is optimal for a fungal barcode, the genes encoding for the ATPase subunit 6, the cytochrome oxidase subunit 3 and the NADH dehydrogenase subunit 6 have the most promising characteristics for DNA barcoding among the mitochondrial genes studied. However, biological validation on two fungal data sets indicated that no single mitochondrial gene gave a better taxonomic resolution than the ITS, the region already widely used in fungal taxonomy.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".