Pharmacotherapy is an effective treatment option for generalised anxiety disorder
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Mitte K, Noack P, Steil R, et al . A meta-analytic review of the efficacy of drug treatment in generalized anxiety disorder. J Clin Psychopharmacol 2005;25:141–50.[OpenUrl][1][CrossRef][2][PubMed][3][Web of Science][4] Q How effective are drugs for the treatment of generalised anxiety disorder? ### ![Graphic][5]</img>Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis. ### ![Graphic][6]</img>Data sources: MEDLINE, PsycLIT (search date May 2002), plus hand search of secondary sources, internet searches, and personal contact with researchers and pharmaceutical companies. ### ![Graphic][7]</img>Study selection and analysis: Inclusion criteria: English or German publications of placebo controlled studies of pharmacotherapy for generalised anxiety disorder (DSM or ICD diagnosis, or exact description of disorder), with a minimum of 14 days’ treatment, and study size ⩾4 people. Studies in people refractory to prior pharmacotherapy were excluded. Effect sizes were calculated using Hedges’ g and random effects analysis. ### ![Graphic][8]</img>Outcomes: Symptoms of depression and anxiety. Forty eight studies met inclusion criteria. Pharmacotherapy reduced symptoms of anxiety more … [1]: {openurl}?query=rft.jtitle%253DJournal%2Bof%2Bclinical%2Bpsychopharmacology%26rft.stitle%253DJ%2BClin%2BPsychopharmacol%26rft.aulast%253DMitte%26rft.auinit1%253DK.%26rft.volume%253D25%26rft.issue%253D2%26rft.spage%253D141%26rft.epage%253D150%26rft.atitle%253DA%2Bmeta-analytic%2Breview%2Bof%2Bthe%2Befficacy%2Bof%2Bdrug%2Btreatment%2Bin%2Bgeneralized%2Banxiety%2Bdisorder.%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Adoi%252F10.1097%252F01.jcp.0000155821.74832.f9%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Apmid%252F15738745%26rft.genre%253Darticle%26rft_val_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Ajournal%26ctx_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ctx_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Actx [2]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=10.1097/01.jcp.0000155821.74832.f9&link_type=DOI [3]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=15738745&link_type=MED&atom=%2Febmental%2F8%2F4%2F111.atom [4]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=000227814200006&link_type=ISI [5]: /embed/inline-graphic-1.gif [6]: /embed/inline-graphic-2.gif [7]: /embed/inline-graphic-3.gif [8]: /embed/inline-graphic-4.gif
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; both teacher heads agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".