rTMS OVER HUMAN EARLY VISUAL CORTEX DEGRADES LOW LEVEL VISUAL FEATURE MEMORY IN THE REMAPPED, NOT PERCEIVED, VISUAL FIELD DURING A TRANSSACCADIC INTEGRATION TASK
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Early visual cortex (EVC) is involved in short term visual memory (Harrison and Tong Nat Neurosci. 2009) and remapping of visual targets during saccades (Merriam et al. J. Neurophys. 2007). We proposed that EVC is also involved in transsaccadic integration (TSI) of visual features (Prime et al. Exp Brain Res 2006; J. Neurosci. 2008). Here, we tested this hypothesis with the use of a combined fMRI-rTMS protocol. Participants (n = 8) were required to discriminate orientation change in a Gabor patch across a memory interval during fixation or across saccade that either maintained the stimulus within the same visual field (VF) or changed location to opposite VF. Difficulty levels were set to 75-85% performance for each subject based on a preliminary test. Bifield alternating checkerboard localizer was used to identify peak voxel responses within the left and right EVC corresponding to bottom-left and bottom-right VF. rTMS (10Hz; starting 100 msec after onset of second fixation point) was applied over either of these two locations during the fixation task and saccade task, and effects were compared to behavioral controls and relative to TMS over the opposite VF. Consistent with previous experiments with one object (van de Ven et al. J. Neurosci. 2012), TMS during the fixation task (and for saccades within the same field) had no rTMS effects. rTMS over EVC corresponding to the viewed location of the initial stimulus never yielded an effect in any condition. However, when the saccade caused the remembered stimulus to reverse VF, TMS over the 'incoming' field (i.e. the EVC target site for any putative remapping) revealed a suppressive effect, which increased with saccade size (and/or the eccentricity of remapping into the stimulated hemifield). These results causally implicate human EVC (and/or its network connections) in the gaze centered remapping TSI visual feature information across saccades. Meeting abstract presented at VSS 2014
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".