Simultaneous antegrade/retrograde cardioplegia protects myocardium distal to a coronary occlusion: A study in isolated pig hearts
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study was designed to assess the effects of simultaneous antegrade/retrograde cardioplegia (SARC) on myocardial perfusion and energy metabolism in the region supported by the occluded left anterior descending artery (LAD) in isolated pig hearts. It was found that injection of Gd-DTPA into the aorta during antegrade cardioplegia (AC) did not result in signal increase in the LAD region on T(1)-weighted images. During SARC, however, Gd-DTPA was detected in the LAD region with the contrast agent injected into the aorta and the coronary sinus (CS), respectively. This suggests that SARC delivered blood cardioplegia to the jeopardized myocardium through both arterial and venous perfusion routes. Moreover, localized (31)P spectra showed that occlusion of the LAD during AC resulted in severe ischemic changes in the LAD myocardium and the abnormal metabolic changes were completely abolished by use of SARC. Finally, recovery of myocardial contractile function during reperfusion in the hearts subjected to SARC was significantly better compared to those arrested with AC alone. It was concluded that the myocardium distal to a coronary occlusion can be fully protected by use of SARC.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".