The intercellular biotrophic leaf pathogen <i>Cymadothea trifolii</i> locally degrades pectins, but not cellulose or xyloglucan in cell walls of <i>Trifolium repens</i>
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The intercellular ascomycetous pathogen Cymadothea trifolii, causing sooty blotch of clover, proliferates within leaves of Trifolium spp. and produces a complex structure called interaction apparatus (IA) in its own hyphae. Opposite the IA the plant plasmalemma invaginates to form a bubble. Both structures are connected by a tube with an electron-dense sheath. Using immunocytochemistry on high-pressure frozen and freeze-substituted samples, we examined several plant and fungal cell wall components, including those in new host wall appositions at the interaction site, as well as a fungal polygalacturonase. Within the tube linking IA and host bubble, labelling was obtained for cellulose and xyloglucan but not for rhamnogalacturonan-I and homogalacturonans. The IA labelled for chitin and beta-1,3-glucans, and for a fungal polygalacturonase. Plant wall appositions reacted with antibodies against callose, xyloglucans and rhamnogalacturonan-I. Cymadothea trifolii partly degrades the host cell wall. Structural elements remain intact, but the pectin matrix is dissolved. A fungal polygalacturonase detected in the IA is probably a key factor in this process. Owing to the presence of chitin and beta-1,3-glucans, the IA itself is considered an apoplastic compartment.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".