Performance of Three Chemical Models on the High-Temperature Aqueous Al<sub>2</sub>(SO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>3</sub>−MgSO<sub>4</sub>−H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>−H<sub>2</sub>O System
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This work involves chemical modeling of concentrated aqueous sulfate solutions during an industrial process: pressure acid leaching of laterites at high temperature of interest to the metals and minerals industries. Equilibrium constants of Al and Mg complexes were estimated or extrapolated. Three activity coefficient models were used: the B-dot equation, the Pitzer model, and the Bromley−Zemaitis model. The B-dot and Pitzer models were implemented with EQ3/6 software (version 7.0), and the Bromley−Zemaitis model was implemented through OLI-Systems software (version 6.2). Original databases in all cases were modified in order to include the equilibrium constants of Al and Mg species. Calculated values are in good agreement with the experimental solubility data for MgSO 4 −H 2 SO 4 −H 2 O and Al 2 (SO 4 )−H 2 SO 4 −H 2 O ternary systems with all three models. However, significant differences were found in the predicted speciation and pH in both ternary and quaternary systems because of the different correlations and assumptions employed in the models. A self-consistent model and new thermodynamic data for high-temperature aqueous processes are highly recommended to handle concentrated solutions of interest to the process industry.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.004 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.005 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.005 | 0.003 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.005 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.006 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.006 | 0.019 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; both teacher heads agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".