Using the Complex Images Method To Analyze Printed Antennas in Multilayer Dielectric Media
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper presents an efficient full wave numerical analysis method for three dimensional microstrip structures inside a stratified media. The method can analyze both vertical and horizontal components of the currents. The conducting structures are modeled using a mixed potential integral equation. The boundary conditions on the interfaces between dielectric layers are satisfied through the use of appropriate dyadic Green's functions in the spectral domain. The numerical evaluation of the Sommerfeld integrals that are encountered during the transformation of the Green's function to the spatial domain is avoided using the complex images method (CIM). A modified CIM is proposed for efficient solution of vertical conductors currents. The modification maintains the rigorous nature of the full-wave analysis method while achieving the same efficiency for both vertical and horizontal components of currents. The resulting algorithm is found to be a versatile and efficient numerical analysis tool for microstrip antennas. The accuracy of the method is tested against commercially available full wave analysis packages. Good agreement is obtained for a wide class of stacked microstrip antennas.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".