FAST ANALYSIS OF PAH BY GC AND GC/MS USING ISOMER SPECIFIC GC CAPILLARY COLUMNS
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
The required separation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) by GC, to meet regulatory requirements, depends largely on column selectivity. Liquid crystal (LC) capillary columns are highly selective for PAH separation. In the current investigation analysis and separation of PAH on columns coated with only the LC stationary phase, the combination of LC and non-polar stationary phase and only non-polar stationary phase, have been studied. The complete separation of isomeric PAH in the mixture of 16 priority PAH is achieved on the LC column. The inherent advantage of higher efficiency for microbore columns compared to conventional 0.25 mm internal diameter (ID) columns of the same length, in combination with the selectivity of the LC stationary phase, resulted in the fast analysis of 16 PAH on the columns with the combination of LC and non-polar stationary phases. Using this column, designated as the ICB-PAH column, separation of the USEPA 16 priority PAH in addition to other isomeric PAH (except benzo[j]fluoranthene) is achieved. Complete separation of 16 priority PAH was achieved in less than 5 minutes on a 6 m × 0.10 mm ID column, and in less than 7 minutes on a 15 m × 0.25 mm ID column. Separations of 16 priority PAH plus five additional isomeric PAH on LC, non-polar, and a combination of LC and non-polar stationary phase columns are discussed.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it