Role of cyanobacteria in the persistence of <i>Vibrio cholerae</i> O139 in saline microcosms
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Recently, a new strain of cholera, Vibrio cholerae O139, has emerged as an epidemic strain, but there is little information about its environmental reservoir. The present investigation was aimed to determine the role of cyanobacteria in the persistence of V. cholerae O139 in microcosms. An environmental isolate of V. cholerae O139 and three cyanobacteria (Anabaena sp., Nostoc sp., and Hapalosiphon sp.) were used in this study. Survival of culturable V. cholerae O139 in microcosms was monitored using taurocholate-tellurite gelatin agar medium. Viable but nonculturable V. cholerae O139 were detected using a fluorescent antibody technique. Vibrio cholerae O139 could be isolated for up to 12 days in a culturable form in association with cyanobacteria but could not be isolated in the culturable form after 2 days from control water without cyanobacteria. The viable but nonculturable V. cholerae O139 could be detected in association with cyanobacteria for up to 15 months. These results, therefore, suggest that cyanobacteria can act as a long-term reservoir of V. cholerae O139 in an aquatic environment.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".