Current pulse induced toggle switching of dual-vortex magnetization in Ni80Fe20/Cu/Co nanopillar element
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The combined effect of the spin-transfer torque and circular Amperian field to the switching of the chiralities of the dual-vortex magnetization in multilayered Ni80Fe20/Cu/Co nanopillar elements (ø = 100 nm) is investigated numerically. It is demonstrated that, by passing a current pulse through the nanopillar, the chirality of the Ni80Fe20 layer can be controllably switched while that of the fixed Co layer persists. Consequently, reliable toggle switching between bistable low- and high-MR states can be achieved by applying current pulses with appropriate amplitude, polarity, and duration. It is found that the magnetization dynamics after the onset of a current pulse includes the excitation of spin-wave eigenmodes and that the predominant process throughout is the precessional motion of the free-layer magnetization. A shift of the eigenfrequency is observed when the chirality of the free-layer vortex magnetization switches from parallel to antiparallel relative to that of the fixed layer. This frequency shift is attributed to dynamic magnetostatic coupling between the vortices.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".