X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy studies of chromium compounds
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Photoelectron spectra of a number of chromium oxides and other compounds were studied under high spectral resolution conditions chosen to reduce the possibility of differential charging. Some of the suite of Cr(III) compounds chosen for study produced Cr 2p spectra containing fine structure that could be identified with multiplet splitting. The splitting patterns produced were similar for all trivalent binary and ternary oxides and sulphides whose patterns closely reproduced the splitting predicted for the Cr(III) free ion by Gupta and Sen. The fine structure observed for compounds such as chromium (III) chloride had a distinctly different pattern. A number of other chromium (III) compounds were studied that did not exhibit the fine structure described above; nonetheless, well‐defined line shapes and reproducible peak centroids were obtained by fitting protocols. The use of such information to determine surface chemistry on chromated steels is described, based on the spectral knowledge of chromium (III) oxides and hydroxides and the chromium (VI) oxide systems. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it