Experimental Studies on the Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Ultrastructural studies of blood cells during the acute stage of the hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS) revealed striking, but transient, changes in erythrocyte structure. These included membrane disruption, vacuolar degeneration, and Heinz body formation. There was also evidence of platelet injury, and there were peculiar tactile interactions between histiocytes and impaired red cells. These changes disappeared as the patients recovered. These changes were considered to be important in the pathogenesis of the hemolytic and thrombolytic features of HUS, and studies were directed at reproducing them in vitro and in vivo. Treatment of red cells with purified clostridial phospholipase C induced changes in red cells and platelets that were comparable to those encountered in HUS. Rats infused with phospholipase C developed hemolysis, thrombocytopenia, and hemoglobinuria. Their kidneys did not, however, reveal glomerular alterations similar to those seen in patients with HUS. It is proposed that HUS in some cases might be initiated by a nonspecific infectious injury to the intestinal mucosa thereby allowing increased absorption of toxins derived from indigenous gut flora and that these toxins could be responsible for the hemolysis, thrombolysis, and even the renal injury.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.012 | 0.003 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; both teacher heads agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".