ARE CLINICAL MEASURES OF CERVICAL FLEXOR ENDURANCE, DIVIDED ATTENTION AND COMPUTERIZED DYNAMIC VISUAL ACUITY DIFFERENT IN ELITE YOUTH ICE HOCKEY PLAYERS WHO REPORT A PREVIOUS HISTORY OF CONCUSSION COMPARED TO THOSE WHO DO NOT?
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background Concussion is a commonly encountered injury. Evaluation of clinical tests at baseline will provide insight on clinical alterations that may persist following concussion. Objective The objective of this study was to evaluate differences in baseline measures of cervical flexor endurance (CFE), walking while talking test (WWTT) and computerized dynamic visual acuity (cDVA) in elite youth ice hockey players who do and do not report a previous history of concussion. Design Cross-sectional study. Setting Sport Medicine Clinic (Alberta, Canada). Participants Bantam (12–14 years) and Midget (15–17 years) ice hockey players (n=550). Risk factor assessment Participants completed a baseline questionnaire, including a question regarding previous history of concussion (yes/no). Main outcome measurements Participants completed clinical tests of CFE, WWTT and cDVA at baseline. Results Multivariate linear regression, adjusted for cluster, age group and sex was used to estimate mean differences in clinical measurement scores by concussion history (yes/no). Individuals reporting a previous history of concussion were able to hold a test of CFE for a geometric mean time of 0.88 (95% CI; 0.81–0.97) seconds less than those who did not report a previous history of concussion (P=.009). The time to complete WWTT complex compared to self-selected walking speed was a mean of 2.85 (1.09–4,62) seconds slower in midget females with a previous history of concussion. Players reporting a previous concussion had significantly lower cDVA score at 85 degrees/second [cDVAleft=−0.036 logMAR (95%CI: −0.056, −0.016)]. Conclusion Computerized DVA (85 degrees/second) and CFE were lower in players with a previous history of concussion. The effect of past concussion history on tasks of divided attention depended on age group and sex. These findings allow a further understanding of clinical alterations that may persist following a concussion and identify an area to target in a future clinical trial for prevention.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".