<title>Structural analysis of chalcogenide waveguides using Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy (RBS)</title>
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In an effort to develop an improved medium for optical communication, chalcogenide glasses are being investigated for waveguide and integrated optical components. These glasses are attractive for integrated optics applications due to their good infrared transmission and high nonlinear Kerr effects. The fact that these glasses can be fabricated in thin films and optical fiber forms constitute a major advantage for future high-speed optical devices applications. However, to advance these novel characteristics, it is crucial to identify the structure/property relationship in the glass, in both bulk and film materials. Rutherford Backscattering Spectroscopy (RBS) is an analytical tool that gives very useful information regarding compositional and structural analysis of the films, as well as a precise measurement of the film's layer thickness. Results obtained showed no apparent variation in composition and small (less than 10%) density variation in single layer As2S3 films. Multilayer films, which thickness were measured using SEM images, displayed compositional and density modifications associated with the annealing process. The same calculations were conducted after almost a year from the previous measurements to study changes induced due to film aging. Stoichiometric and thickness modifications, caused by aging, were observed in unannealed structures. No apparent changes were detected in annealed films. Waveguide Raman Spectroscopy was used as a complementary tool to identify the molecular features responsible for the changes.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".