Cardiovascular and parasympathetic effects of dexmedetomidine in healthy subjects
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We evaluated the cardiovascular effects of intravenously (i.v.) and buccally administered dexmedetomidine, a selective alpha2-adrenoceptor agonist. Six healthy male subjects were studied unmedicated and after 2 micro g/kg i.v. or buccal doses of dexmedetomidine, using repeated recordings of ECG and blood pressure. Cardiac parasympathetic activity was estimated by measurements of high-frequency (HF) heart rate variability. Intravenous, but not buccal, dexmedetomidine raised systolic blood pressure by 11 +/- 5 mmHg (mean +/- SEM) and diastolic by 16 +/- 3 mmHg (maxima at 10 min). Later on, both i.v., and buccal dexmedetomidine produced a very similar hypotensive effect: on average, >or=10 mmHg reductions in systolic and diastolic pressure at 3 h. Intravenous dosing was followed by a decline in heart rate (-11 +/- 2 beats/min) accompanied by a trend toward enhanced HF variability (maximal effect at 10 min), which probably reflected baroreflex-mediated parasympathetic efferent neuronal activation. Buccal dexmedetomidine increased significantly the HF variability (maximum at 45 min) without influencing heart rate. We conclude that dexmedetomidine, when administered by a method that avoids concentration peaks, e.g., buccal dosing, can be used to produce a prolonged augmentation of cardiac parasympathetic efferent neuronal activity.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".