Adverse reactions to the ivermectin treatment of onchocerciasis patients: does infection with the human immunodeficiency virus play a role?
Bibliographic record
Abstract
To assess and compare the adverse effects resulting from ivermectin treatment of onchocerciasis patients with and without infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1), 1256 Ugandan cases of onchocerciasis were investigated as they were treated for the first time with the drug. Treatment followed the protocol of the Mectizan Expert Committee (i.e. a single dose of 150 mug/kg body weight). Adverse reactions to the ivermectin were determined, within 48 h of treatment, through questioning and clinical examinations during house-to-house visits. The HIV-1 status of each patient aged >15 years was initially determined using indirect ELISA, and any ELISA-positives were then confirmed in a western-blot assay. Among the cases aged >15 years, the frequency of adverse reactions to ivermectin was higher among those seropositive for HIV-1 (53.4%) than among the seronegative (45.7%) but the difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.25). The severity of the adverse reactions observed was, however, significantly lower in the HIV-1-positive patients than in the seronegative patients, with median scores of 1.37 and 1.68, respectively (P = 0.044). The conclusion is that ivermectin can be safely used for mass treatment in areas where the prevalences of onchocerciasis and HIV-1 infection are both high.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".