Impact of the Growth Conditions of Colloidal PbS Nanocrystals on Photovoltaic Device Performance
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Here, we present a detailed investigation on the influence of the growth conditions of colloidal lead sulfide (PbS) nanocrystals on photovoltaic device performance. The PbS nanocrystals were synthesized in a noncoordinating solvent, 1-octadecene, using oleic acid (OA) as the ligand. It was found that both the feeding molar ratio of OA to Pb and the reactant concentration were critical for controlling the growth rate of nanocrystals. Transient photocurrent (TPC) measurements revealed reduced trap density in thin films using the slow-growth nanocrystals. Solar cells based on the slow-growth nanocrystals showed a high power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 3.8% under simulated Air Mass 1.5 Global (AM 1.5G) irradiation (100 mW/cm 2 ), a 2-fold increase in PCE, compared to the fast-growth nanocrystals, because of the remarkable improvement in the open-circuit voltage and fill factor in the PV devices.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".