Temporal regulation of <i>BMP2</i> , <i>BMP6</i> , <i>BMP15</i> , <i>GDF9</i> , <i>BMPR1A</i> , <i>BMPR1B</i> , <i>BMPR2</i> and <i>TGFBR1</i> mRNA expression in the oocyte, granulosa and theca cells of developing preovulatory follicles in the pig
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study aimed to describe the abundance and localization of BMP2, BMP6, BMP15, GDF9, BMPR1A, BMPR1B, BMPR2 and TGFBR1 mRNA during pig preovulatory follicular development and to evaluate their implication in improving follicular maturity in the preovulatory period preceding the second versus first post-weaning oestrus. Oocytes, granulosa (GC) and theca cells (TC) were recovered from antral follicles of primiparous sows at day 1, 2 and 4 after weaning and at day 14, 16 and 20 of their subsequent oestrous cycle. Real-time PCR analysis revealed that with the exception of BMP6 mRNA, which was absent in GC, all genes were expressed in every cell type. Although BMP6, BMP15 and GDF9 mRNA were most abundant in the oocyte, their expression remained relatively constant during follicular development. By contrast, receptor BMPR1B and TGFBR1 expressions in the GC and TC were temporally regulated. BMPR1B mRNA abundance was positively correlated with plasma oestradiol (E2) suggesting that its regulation by oestrogen may be implicated in normal folliculogenesis. Interestingly, the increase in BMPR1B mRNA and protein abundance during the periovulatory period in GC and TC suggests a role for bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) 15 in the ovulatory process. Finally, expression of these ligands and receptors was not associated with potential differences in follicle maturity observed during the second versus first post-weaning preovulatory follicular wave. In conclusion, our results clearly demonstrate the presence of a complex signalling system within the pig follicle involving the transforming growth factor-beta superfamily and their receptors, and provide evidence to support a role for BMP15 and BMPR1B during ovulation.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.005 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it