Tin-vacancy acceptor levels in electron-irradiated n-type silicon
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Si crystals (n-type, fz) with doping levels between $1.5\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{14}$ and $2\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{16}{\mathrm{cm}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}3}$ containing in addition $\ensuremath{\sim}{10}^{18}{\mathrm{S}\mathrm{n}/\mathrm{c}\mathrm{m}}^{3}$ were irradiated with 2-MeV electrons to different doses and subsequently studied by deep level transient spectroscopy, M\"ossbauer spectroscopy, and positron annihilation. Two tin-vacancy (Sn-V) levels at ${E}_{c}\ensuremath{-}0.214\mathrm{eV}$ and ${E}_{c}\ensuremath{-}0.501\mathrm{eV}$ have been identified ${(E}_{c}$ denotes the conduction band edge). Based on investigations of the temperature dependence of the electron-capture cross sections, the electric-field dependence of the electron emissivity, the anneal temperature, and the defect-introduction rate, it is concluded that these levels are the double and single acceptor levels, respectively, of the Sn-V pair. These conclusions are in agreement with electronic structure calculations carried out using a local spin-density functional theory, incorporating pseudopotentials to eliminate the core electrons, and applied to large H-terminated clusters. Thus, the Sn-V pair in Si has five different charge states corresponding to four levels in the band gap.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.007 | 0.006 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it