Between the Language and Silence of War: Martha Gellhorn and the Female Characters of Hemingway's <i>The Fifth Column</i>
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The Fifth Column (1938) explicitly dramatizes militarized codes of behaviour among men in war. The play also documents the labour of women produced by the economic realities and imaginative possibilities of war time. Hemingway's written representations of women, intended for mimetic embodiment, enact both misogynist fantasy and feminist agency and embody, to draw from Teresa de Lauretis, the language of men and the silence of women. Dorothy Bridges is based on the real Martha Gellhorn who, in 1937, was crafting a burgeoning career as a war journalist. Dorothy, like Martha on whom she is based, remakes, from her own vantage point, a world unmade by spectacular violence. Simultaneously, Anita, a fictive prostitute, exposes the multiple sexualized spheres of inter- and intra- gender exploitation produced by militarism. Hemingway's fictional characters combine with their historical counterparts to disrupt the oppositional categorizations of masculinity versus femininity upon which the rhetoric of war depends.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".